Sons of the Pioneers

The  Sons of the Pioneers  are one of the United States' earliest Western singing groups.[ 1 ] Known for their vocal performances, their musicianship, and their songwriting,[ 2 ] they produced innovative recordings that have inspired many Western music performers and remained popular through the years.[ 3 ] Since 1933, through many changes in membership, the Sons of the Pioneers have remained one of the longest-surviving country music vocal groups.[ 4 ]

Origins
In the spring of 1931, Ohio-born Leonard Slye—the cowboy singer who would later change his name to Roy Rogers—arrived in California and found work as a truck driver, and later as a fruit picker for the Del Monte company in California's Central Valley. He entered an amateur singing contest on a Los Angeles radio show called Midnight Frolics and a few days later got an invitation to join a group called the Rocky Mountaineers.

In September 1931, Canadian-born Bob Nolan answered a classified ad in the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner that read, "Yodeler for old-time act, to travel. Tenor preferred." The band was The Rocky Mountaineers, by then led by Leonard Slye. After listening to the tall, slender, tanned Nolan sing and yodel, Slye hired Nolan on the spot. Although Nolan stayed with the group only a short time, he stayed in touch with Slye. Nolan was replaced by Tim Spencer, who had been working in a Safeway Stores warehouse.[ 4 ]

In the spring of 1932, Slye, Spencer, and another singer, Slumber Nichols, left the Rocky Mountaineers to form a trio, which soon failed. Throughout most of 1932, Slye and Spencer moved through a series of short-lived groups like the International Cowboys and the O-Bar-O Cowboys. Spencer left the O-Bar-O Cowboys and quit music for a while. Slye joined Jack LeFevre and His Texas Outlaws, who were a popular act on a local Los Angeles radio station.[ 6 ]

In early 1933, Slye, Nolan, and Spencer formed a group called the Pioneer Trio. The three young singers rehearsed for weeks honing their singing. While Slye continued to work with his radio singing group, Spencer and Nolan began writing songs for the group.[ 4 ]

Early success
By early 1934, the group consisted of Leonard Slye, Bob Nolan, and Tim Spencer on vocals, with Nolan playing string bass and Slye playing rhythm guitar. During that time, fiddle player Hugh Farr joined the group, adding a bass voice to the group's vocal arrangements. He also sang lead on some songs. Later that year, the "Pioneers Trio" became the "Sons of the Pioneers" through a radio station announcer's chance remark. Asked why he'd changed their name, the announcer said they were too young to have been pioneers, but that they could be sons of pioneers. The name was received well and fit the group, who were no longer a trio.[ 4 ]

By the summer of 1934, the Sons of the Pioneers' popularity and fame extended beyond the Los Angeles area and quickly spread across the United States through short syndicated radio segments that were rebroadcast all over the country. They signed a recording contract with the newly founded Decca label, and on August 8, 1934, the Sons of the Pioneers made their first commercial recording. That same day, the immensely popular crooner Bing Crosby also made his first Decca session.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cmt_4-4" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 4 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">One of the first songs recorded by the Sons of the Pioneers during that first August session was written by Bob Nolan, "Tumbling Tumbleweeds", that would soon become a staple in their repertoire. The original title "Tumbling Leaves" was changed to give the song a western character. Over the next two years the group would record 32 songs for Decca.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_7-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 7 ] Their output includes a 1937 recording of "The Blue Juniata," by Marion Dix Sullivan,.

<span class="mw-headline" id="Film_and_television_career" style="box-sizing:border-box;">Film and television career
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Between 1935 and 1984, the Sons of the Pioneers appeared in 87 films, several movie shorts, and a television series.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-imdb_8-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 8 ] In 1937, the Sons Of The Pioneers signed a deal with Columbia Pictures to appear in a number of movies. In 1938, Leonard Slye was offered a contract as an actor with rival Republic Pictures. Part of that deal required him to officially leave the group. Leonard Slye changed his name to Roy Rogers, and went on to achieve major success as a singing cowboy in the movies. Roy Rogers and the Sons of the Pioneers still remained close throughout the coming years. When their contract with Columbia Pictures ended, they signed a new contract with Republic Pictures to be with Roy. They were soon appearing as highly popular supporting players in many of Roy Rogers' movies.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-roy_9-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 9 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In addition to their appearances and filmed performances, their music was used in numerous other films and television shows. They recorded songs for the John Fordmovies Wagon Master in 1949 and Rio Grande in 1950, and performed the theme song for the John Ford classic The Searchers in 1956. "Tumbling Tumbleweeds" was used in the Coen Brothers film The Big Lebowski in 1998.

<span class="mw-headline" id="Passing_of_an_era" style="box-sizing:border-box;">Passing of an era
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In 1971, Bob Nolan and Tim Spencer were both elected to the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame. In 1972, most of the surviving members of the Sons of the Pioneers, including the original Pioneer Trio of Roy Rogers, Bob Nolan, and Tim Spencer, gathered at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles for one last performance. In 1976, the Sons of the Pioneers were inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In 1979, Bob Nolan returned to the studio for the final time and recorded a successful solo album of classics and newer compositions titled Bob Nolan – The Sound of a Pioneer.

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">The late 1970s saw the passing of an era, as many of the founding members of the group died. Tim Spencer died on April 26, 1976. Lloyd Perryman, who had been with the group since 1936, died on May 31, 1977. Hugh Farr, who had retired from the group in 1958, died on April 17, 1980. Bob Nolan died on June 16, 1980.

<span class="mw-headline" id="Sons_of_the_Pioneers_today" style="box-sizing:border-box;">Sons of the Pioneers today
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Following the death of Lloyd Perryman in 1977, Dale Warren, who had joined the group in 1952 and continued on until his death on August 8, 2008, took over the leadership of the Sons of the Pioneers, guiding them into the 2000s. They continued to perform in concert and recorded as well with a lineup that featured, amongst many others, Luther Nallie (guitar, vocals), Rusty Richards (vocals), Doye O'Dell (guitar, vocals), Billy Armstrong (fiddle), Billy Liebert (accordion), Gary LeMaster (lead guitar)and Rome Johnson (vocals).<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cmt_4-5" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 4 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">The current "Trail Boss" of the Sons of the Pioneers is Luther Nallie (vocals), who joined the group in 1968. Other current band members are Tommy Nallie(guitar), Ken Lattimore (vocals), Randy Rudd (guitar), Mark Abbott (bass), and Ricky Boen (fiddle). In 2001, a book about the group was published, titled The Sons of the Pioneersby Bill O'Neal and Fred Goodwin.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-sons_10-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 10 ]

Legacy
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In 1977, the Smithsonian Institution, which designates certain artists and performers who have made a noteworthy contribution to the arts and culture of America, named the Sons of the Pioneers as "National Treasures".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-opry_11-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 11 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In 1995, the Sons of the Pioneers were inducted into the Western Performers Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">The Sons of the Pioneers were the first Country and Western group to sing at Carnegie Hall, and the first to perform at the lavish nightclubs in Las Vegas.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-forsythe_12-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 12 ] The group has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6845 Hollywood Blvd. for recording.

Timeline
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Since 1933, 41 singers and musicians have been official members of the Sons of the Pioneers.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-timeline_13-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]


 * 1) Roy Rogers (as Leonard Slye) (1933–37) lead vocals, guitar
 * 2) Bob Nolan (1933–49) baritone vocals, bass
 * 3) Tim Spencer (1933–36, 1938–49) tenor and lead vocals
 * 4) Hugh Farr (1934–59) bass vocals, fiddle
 * 5) Karl Farr (1935–61) lead guitar
 * 6) Lloyd Perryman (1936–43, 1946–77) tenor and lead vocals, guitar
 * 7) Pat Brady (1937–43, 1946–49, 1959–68) bass
 * 8) Ken Carson (1943–47) tenor vocals, guitar
 * 9) Deuce Spriggens (1943, 1954–55) bass
 * 10) Shug Fisher (1944–46, 1949–53, 1956–59) bass
 * 11) Ken Curtis (1949–53) lead vocals
 * 12) Tommy Doss (1949–63) baritone vocals
 * 13) Dale Warren (1952–2008) lead and baritone vocals, bass
 * 14) George Bamby (1959–60) accordion
 * 15) Roy Lanham (1961–86) lead guitar
 * 16) Wade Ray (1961–62) fiddle
 * 17) Rusty Richards (1963–66, 1974–84)
 * 18) Billy Armstrong (1966–72) fiddle
 * 19) Bob Minser (1967–68) tenor vocals, bass
 * 20) Luther Nallie (1968–74, 1980–2004, 2007–present) vocals, guitar, bass
 * 21) Billy Liebert (1974–80) accordion, arranger
 * 22) Doc Denning (1980) fiddle
 * 23) Dale Morris (1981–83) fiddle
 * 24) Tommy Nallie (1983–88, 2012-present) drums
 * 25) Sunny Spencer (1984–2005) vocals, multi-instrumentalist
 * 26) Jack Nallie (1984) bass
 * 27) Jack LaRoux (1985) bass
 * 28) Gary Foster (1986) bass
 * 29) Gary LeMaster (1986–2006, 2008–12) tenor vocals, lead guitar
 * 30) Daryl Wainscott (1987–93) keyboards
 * 31) David Bradley (1989–93) vocals, guitar
 * 32) John Nallie (1993–2000) lead vocals, keyboards, drums
 * 33) Roy Warhurst (1994–97) fiddle
 * 34) Ken Lattimore (1998–present) tenor vocals, fiddle
 * 35) Randy Rudd (2001–present) lead vocals, guitar
 * 36) Preston Eldridge (2001–06) bass
 * 37) Jarrett Dougherty (2001–02) drums, comedy
 * 38) Waylon Herron (2004–06) vocals, guitar
 * 39) Justin Sifford (2006) vocals, guitar
 * 40) Ricky Boen (2006–present) fiddle
 * 41) Mark Abbott (2006–present) bass<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-timeline_13-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.6em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="Honors_and_awards" style="box-sizing:border-box;">Honors and awards

 * 1971 Western Heritage Wrangler Award from the National Cowboy Hall of Fame
 * 1976 Gene Autry Award
 * 1976 Hollywood Walk of Fame Award
 * 1977 Smithsonian Institution's "National Treasure" Designation
 * 1978 Pioneer Award from Academy of Country Music
 * 1980 Country Music Hall of Fame as the Original Sons of the Pioneers (Roy Rogers, Bob Nolan, Tim Spencer, Hugh Farr, Karl Farr, Lloyd Perryman)
 * 1984 New Brunswick Country Music Hall of Fame Award
 * 1986 Grammy Award for "Cool Water"
 * 1988 Texas Western Swing Hall of Fame
 * 1994 Western Music Association Hall of Fame Award
 * 2002 Grammy Award for "Tumbling Tumbleweeds"
 * 2003 Golden Boot Award by Motion Picture and Television Fund<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-awards_14-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.6em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 14 ]

Albums

 * Cowboy Classics (1952)
 * Cowboy Hymns and Spirituals (1952)
 * Western Classics (1953)
 * Favorite Cowboy Songs (1955)
 * 25 Favorite Cowboy Songs (1955)
 * Twenty-Five Favorite Cowboy Songs (1956)
 * How Great Thou Art (1957)
 * One Man's Songs (1957)
 * Wagons West (RCA Camden Classics, 1958)
 * Cool Water (RCA Records, 1959)
 * Cool Water (BMG International, 1959)
 * Room Full of Roses (1960)
 * Westwood Ho! (1961)
 * Lure of the West (1961)
 * Tumbleweed Trails (1962)
 * Our Men out West (1963)
 * Good Old Country Music (Delta Records, 1963)
 * The Sons of the Pioneers Sing Hymns of the Cowboy (1963)
 * Hymns of the Cowboy (1963)
 * Trail Dust (1963)
 * Country Fare (1964)
 * Tumbleweed Trails (Vocalion, 1964)
 * Sons of the Pioneers Best (1964)
 * Down Memory Trail (1964)
 * Legends of the West (1965)
 * The Best of the Sons of the Pioneers (1966)
 * The Songs of Bob Nolan (1966)
 * Campfire Favorites (1967)
 * South of the Border (1968)
 * San Antonio Rose & Other Country Favorites (1968)
 * San Antonio Rose (Delta Records, 1968)
 * The Sons of the Pioneers Visit the South Seas (1969)
 * Riders in the Sky (1973)
 * A Country-Western Songbook (1977)
 * Let's Go West Again (1981)
 * Columbia Historic Edition (Columbia, 1982)
 * Twenty of the Best (1985)
 * Tumbling Tumbleweeds (MCA, 1986)
 * Teardrops in My Heaven (1987)
 * Land Beyond the Sund (1987)
 * A Hundred and Sixty Acres (1987)
 * Tumbling Tumbleweeds (Universal Special Products, 1987)
 * Collection, Vol. 1 (Bear Family Records, 1987)
 * Collection, Vol. 2 (Bear Family Records, 1987)
 * Collection, Vol. 3 (Bear Family Records, 1987)
 * Collection, Vol. 4 (Bear Family Records, 1987)
 * Tumbling Tumbleweeds (RCA, 1989)
 * Sunset on the Range (Pair, 1990)
 * Empty Saddles (1990)
 * The Sons of the Pioneers (RCA, 1977)
 * Country & Western Memories (Pair, 1991)
 * Country Music Hall of Fame (MCA, 1991)
 * Songs of the Trail (Pair, 1991)
 * Our Best to You (1999)
 * Tumbling Tumbleweeds (Country Stars, 1999)
 * Teleways Transcriptions (Soundies, 1999)
 * Symphonies of the Sage (Bloodshot, 2001)
 * The Essential Collection (South Side Phunk, 2002)
 * Memories of the Lucky U Ranch (Jasmine, 2002)
 * Cigareets, Whusky...And Cool, Cool Water (ASV, 2002)
 * The Sons of the Pioneers: Ultimate Collection (Hip-O, 2002)
 * The Essential Collection (Varèse Sarabande, 2003)
 * RCA Country Legends (Sony Music Entertainment, 2004)
 * Classic Western Harmony, Vol. 2 (2005)
 * Under Western Skies (Varèse Sarabande, 2005)
 * My Saddle Pals and I (USD, 2005)
 * Classic Cowboy Songs (Varèse Sarabande, 2006)
 * The Republic Years (Varèse Sarabande, 2006)
 * Western Hymns and Spirituals (Varèse Sarabande, 2008)
 * Way Out There: The Complete Recordings 1934-1943 (BFR, 2009)
 * Cigareets, Whusky...And Cool, Cool Water (USD, 2010)
 * Sing the Stephen Foster Songbook (Varèse Sarabande, 2010)<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cmt-albums_15-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.6em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 15 ]

Filmography

 * Slightly Static (1935), short
 * Way Up Thar (1935), short
 * Gallant Defender (1935)
 * The Mysterious Avenger (1936)
 * Song of the Saddle (1936)
 * Rhythm on the Range (1936)
 * California Mail (1936)
 * The Big Show (1936)
 * The Old Corral (1936)
 * The Old Wyoming Trail (1937)
 * Outlaws of the Prairie (1937)
 * Cattle Raiders (1938)
 * Call of the Rockies (1938)
 * Law of the Plains (1938)
 * West of Cheyenne (1938)
 * South of Arizona (1938)
 * The Colorado Trail (1938)
 * West of the Santa Fe (1938)
 * Rio Grande (1938)
 * Songs of the West (1939), short
 * Texas Stampede (1939)
 * North of the Yukon (1939)
 * Spoilers of the Range (1939)
 * Western Caravans (1939)
 * The Man from Sundown (1939)
 * Riders of Black River (1939)
 * Outpost of the Mounties (1939)
 * The Stranger from Texas (1939)
 * Two-Fisted Rangers (1939)
 * Bullets for Rustlers (1940)
 * Blazing Six Shooters (1940)
 * Texas Stagecoach (1940)
 * The Durango Kid (1940)
 * West of Abilene (1940)
 * Thundering Frontier (1940)
 * The Pinto Kid (1941)
 * Outlaws of the Panhandle (1941)
 * Red River Valley (1941)
 * Man from Cheyenne (1942)
 * South of Santa Fe (1942)
 * Sunset on the Desert (1942)
 * Romance on the Range (1942)
 * Sons of the Pioneers (1942)
 * Call of the Canyon (1942)
 * Sunset Serenade (1942)
 * Heart of the Golden West (1942)
 * Ridin' Down the Canyon (1942)
 * Idaho (1943)
 * Song of Texas (1943)
 * Silver Spurs (1943)
 * The Man from Music Mountain (1943)
 * Hands Across the Border (1944)
 * Cowboy and the Senorita (1944)
 * The Yellow Rose of Texas (1944)
 * Song of Nevada (1944)
 * San Fernando Valley (1944)
 * Lights of Old Santa Fe (1944)
 * Hollywood Canteen (1944)
 * Utah (1945)
 * Bells of Rosarita (1945)
 * Man from Oklahoma (1945)
 * Along the Navajo Trail (1945)
 * Sunset in El Dorado (1945)
 * Don't Fence Me In (1945)
 * Song of Arizona (1946)
 * Ding Dong Williams (1946)
 * Home on the Range (1946)
 * Rainbow Over Texas (1946)
 * My Pal Trigger (1946)
 * Under Nevada Skies (1946)
 * Roll on Texas Moon (1946)
 * Home in Oklahoma (1946)
 * Heldorado (1946)
 * Apache Rose (1947)
 * Hit Parade of 1947 (1947)
 * Bells of San Angelo (1947)
 * Springtime in the Sierras (1947)
 * On the Old Spanish Trail (1947)
 * The Gay Ranchero (1948)
 * Unusual Occupations (1948), short
 * Under California Stars (1948)
 * Melody Time (1948)
 * Eyes of Texas (1948)
 * Night Time in Nevada (1948)
 * My Pal Trigger (1949)
 * Everybody's Dancin 1950)
 * Rio Grande (1950)
 * Fighting Coast Guard (1951)